In the study Mihail Kogălniceanu collector and editor of the Romanian chronicles is shown that Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817-1891) - great politician, historian and writer, the founder of modern Romanian historiography has manifested a keen interest in Romanian history since his studies in France and Germany. Returned to Iasi in 1838 Kogălniceanu carried out an extensive editorial and political activity. Among his primal goals was the task of gathering and editing written historical sources - chronicles and old documents of Moldavia and Wallachia. For that purpose he carried out a long work of collecting and publishing old Moldovan chronicles from XVII-XVIII th cc., obtaining this way to gather a rich collection of manuscripts based on which he performed the first edition Moldavian chronicles in three volumes (Iaşi, 1845-1852). After the Union of the Principalities Moldavia and Wallachia and the creation of modern romanian state, one of the founders of which he was, Mihail Kogălniceanu decided to carry out a new edition of Chronicles, a collection of which would include Wallachian chronicles too, entitled then Chronicles of Romania... in 3 volumes (Bucharest, 1872-1874). For the multitude of political activities, Mihail Kogălniceanu failed to carry out this edition, so that Wallachian chronicles were published not by him. Through these two editions of chronicles Mihail Kogălniceanu had laid the foundation of critical sources' publication in Romanian historical science. In the volumes' Appendices are brought the lists of manuscripts and old documents that took part of his collections and were placed at the bottom of the two Chronicles' editions