Throughout history, women represented the object of political, economic and social discrimination. The global transition process to democracy has altered political life in many countries. However, extensive women’s participation in the decision making process, especially in politics, as equal partners with the men, has not been achieved. In Moldovan society there is a noticeable discrimination against women’s involvement in administrative bodies and upper-level research and academic circles. Affirmative action or positive discrimination is the policy of favoring members of a disadvantaged group who suffer from discrimination within a culture. Several different studies investigated the effect of affirmative action on women. Affirmative action is intended to promote the opportunities of defined minority groups within a society to give them equal access to that of the majority population.