The theme of the Armed Forces reform of the Republic of Moldova, in order to make the national defense system more efficient by ensuring the resilience, is a topical and major one for the community of the Security Studies specialists (national and international experts), as well as the political decision-makers and the governing military body of the Republic of Moldova. To address the formulated theme, it is necessary to define several concepts subjected to analysis: resilience, reform, etc. It is also necessary to contextualize the phenomenon of reforming the military sector in the Republic of Moldova, to identify the main features of regional and international security environment in which the Moldovan Armed Forces are undergoing the reform implementing process. It should be stressed that the reform of the military sector cannot be carried out separately from the processes in other sectors of the security field. Moreover, there is a direct interdependence between the military sector and other security sectors: economic, political, societal, environmental, as well as cybernetic and informational ones. In this regard, the researcher must answer the questions: What does it mean “to reform”? What are we reforming? What are the objectives of the reform process? (For what purpose are we reforming?) What means/tools do we use? As a result of the study, the conclusions and recommendations also highlight the aforementioned issues.