The “Orheiul Vechi” site, a remarkable monument of history and culture in Moldova from the east of Prut, framed in an exceptional natural landscape, did not enjoy the attention of Soviet Moldovan authorities. In 1968, the site was proclaimed state reservation with special protection regime. But in the years that followed, the planned measures for the creation and operation of the “Orheiul Vechi” Touristic Museum Complex, for the most part, weren’t accomplished. The vestiges discovered during over several decades excavations have not been conserved and restored in time, or such works were inadequately executed, which had led to the degradation and diminution of their cultural and historical value. Some of the vestiges were damaged or destroyed due to unauthorized work, carried out on the territory of the site by some economic agents. After the proclamation of independence of the Republic of Moldova, the government approved the State Program “Medieval Orhei City”, which resulted in a series of measures regarding the research, preservation and restoration of the remains of the site and the construction of a touristic museum complex within its territory, which did not succeed in the previous period. However, the unfavorable social-political situation in the years to come, the beginning of the armed conflict on the left side of the Dniester river and the worsening of the economic situation, with the transition to the market economy, did not allow the realization of this program. In recent years, the Moldovan authorities have taken certain measures to protect and enhance the cultural heritage of the “Orheiul Vechi” site, focusing in particular on the preparation and promotion of the “Orheiul Vechi” archaeological landscape for its nomination on the UNESCO World Heritage List.