The parameters of the morphological characters of the vegetative and generative organs of the species Ocimum gratissimum L., Ocimum canum Sims., Ocimum basilicum L. of the genus Ocimum L. and of the main varieties of O. basilicum L., from the collection of aromatic and spice plants of the Botanical Garden, have been established. The comparative-morphological analysis of the studied species and varieties allowed determining the main morphological differences between them and establishing the concrete characters for their identification.