In this article, the author discusses the fate of Romanian gold, transmitted during the First World War from Romania to Russia, and the problem closely related to the reciprocal settlements between Russia and Romania. The protocol on the sending of the gold fund and jewels of Queen Maria to Russia was signed on 14 (27) December 1916. According to the documents of the National Bank, the cargo was valued at 314,580,456 lei gold, and the jewels of Queen Mary – at another 7 million lei. The first echelon with Romanian values arrived in Moscow on 21 December 1916 (January 2, 1917), and the second echelon was sent to Moscow on July 27, 1917. As of October 1917, the Romanian gold was valued at 117 million golden rubles. The Soviet authorities have conditioned the settlement of the Romanian Treasury’s problem depending on the resolution of the Bessarabian problem and the mutual financial debts. The author concludes that there were mutual claims and not just claims of one of the parties, and they should be considered in reciprocity