Once with the declaration of its independency in 1991, Republic of Moldova has began the path of cardinal transformations in all of the aspects of the political, economic and social life. These transformations refer to the internal as well as the external activity. As soon as obtaining independence and sovereignty, the young state entity had to begin constructing its political and diplomatic relations with its neighbors. Among the most important political partners was the Republic of Turkey. Following the development and diversification of the relations and collaboration of the Republic of Moldova and Republic of Turkey during the last two decades, we can characterize them as dynamic and ascendant. At the same time, it is worth mentioning that the process as well had bypassed different stages on its path determined by the circumstances and internal as well as the external mediums.  The study and analysis of these is a necessity, as it gives the possibility to know the primary points of tangency, economic and political interests that bring us close and separate us at the same time. The relevancy of this topic, therefore, determines the factor of share of Republic of Moldova in the regional and European politics, its role in the internal and external commerce of the Republic of Moldova, its contribution to the conduct of the investment programmers and granting financial and logistic assistance in the development of national economy. Among the priorities of the bilateral relations, it is important to mention the dynamics of the political dialog of the Republic of Moldova and the Republic of Turkey, promotion of the national economic interests on the Turkish market, defense of the Moldovan citizens temporarily visiting the Republic of Turkey, the deepening of the bilateral relations in the spheres of science, education, culture and massmedia. It is important to mention that, unlike other states, the Republic of Turkey was one of the first countries to recognize the independence of the Republic of Moldova on the 16th December 1991.